How AI-enabled systems raise novel liability/accountability issues and evidentiary challenges
Claudia González-Márquez
Teaching and Research Fellow in Artificial Intelligence, Data, and the Rule of Law
Research Areas of Expertise:
AI governance and accountability; data protection and privacy; evidence and procedural fairness; cybercrime/cybersecurity law; and neurotechnology regulation; AI ethics
Research Summary:
Dr González-Márquez’s research sits at the intersection of AI governance, cybersecurity, evidence and procedural fairness, with a particular focus on how AI-enabled systems raise novel liability/accountability issues and evidentiary challenges. Claudia’s work aims to make these problems operational for institutions by translating complex doctrine into practical standards for responsibility, oversight, and evidence reliability.
Claudia’s doctoral work (University of Edinburgh) examined security vulnerabilities and malicious interference in neurotechnology systems as a case study for AI-enabled misuse, assessing the adequacy of UK–EU legal frameworks across tort, criminal, cybercrime, and data protection law. This work developed an accountability framework and a model legal response for unauthorised interference and resulting harms. Claudia’s work has been published in leading journals such as Law, Ethics & Technology, and in interdisciplinary legal and science conferences including Digital Humanism and BILETA.
Key Publications:
González-Márquez, C., Stamp, E. (in press). Neurohype across borders: How media narratives shape public perception of neurotechnology in English- and Spanish-speaking countries.Developments in Neuroethics and Bioethics.
González-Márquez, C., Schafer, B. (2026). AIWitness testimony: Visual Neuroprostheses, AI-Mediated Perception, and the Law of Evidence.Law, Ethics & Technology, 3(1), 0001.
González-Márquez, C., Schafer, B. (2026). Visual Neuroprosthetics, Digital Humans and the Law of Evidence. In: Hagedorn, L., Schmid, U., Winter, S., Woltran, S. (eds) Digital Humanism. DIGHUM 2025. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 16319. Springer, Cham.
González-Márquez, C., Stamp, E. (2026). ‘Neurohype Across Borders: How Media Narratives Shape Public Perception of Neurotechnology in English- and Spanish-Speaking Countries’, In K. Bassil, L. Boyd, & J. Illes (Eds.), Public Engagement and Ethics Communication in Brain Research, Innovation, and Health. Vol. 9., Elsevier. [Forthcoming; accepted for publication]
Urian, D., Higgins, N., Abreu-Melon, J. M., González-Márquez, C., Nagam, V., Oppong, A., & Nsaanee, B. (2024). ‘Neglected Stakeholder Perspectives in Qualitative Neural Implant Research’, AJOB Neuroscience, 15(3), 184–187.
González-Márquez, C. (2023). ‘Neuromodulation and Memory: Exploring Ethical Ramifications In Memory Modification Treatment Via Implantable Neurotechnologies’, Frontiers in Psychology.
González-Márquez, C. (2023). Book review of ‘Embodied Narratives: Protecting Identity Interests Through Ethical Governance of Bioinformation’ by Emily Postan, SCRIPTed Journal of Law, Technology & Society.
González-Márquez, C. (2022). ‘Protecting Neural Data: The Next Neurolaw Challenge’, The Mason Institute for Medicine, Life Sciences & the Law.